A learning disability is a neurological condition that impacts the way people (children and adults) process information. Learning disabilities can impact not only schoolwork but also other daily activities. Learning disabilities are also not confined to childhood and can have a negative effect in the workplace for adults.
People with learning disabilities see, hear and understand things differently. Intelligence, however, is not any different than from those people without learning disabilities. People with learning disabilities have a normal to above normal IQ.
Some of the areas people with learning disabilities experience difficulty are:
- Reading
- Writing
- Spelling
- Reasoning
- Organization
Although there is no cure for learning disabilities, there are a number of interventions that can be put into place, both at school and in the workplace, to help someone with learning disabilities succeed.
Types of Learning Disabilities
The most common type of learning disability involves reading and language skills, however, there are many different types of learning disabilities.
Dyslexia – problems with understanding the written word
Dyscalculia – problems solving arithmetic problems and understanding mathematical concepts
Dysgraphia – problems with writing, especially in forming letters or writing within a defined space
Auditory and Visual Processing Disorders – difficulty understanding words, written or spoken, without any vision or hearing problems
Nonverbal Learning Disabilities – problems in the area of visual-spatial, intuitive, organizational and evaluative processing
Early Signs of Learning Disabilities
When learning disabilities are diagnosed early, there is a higher chance of success. The earlier interventions begin, the better. Parents can be aware of developmental milestones and take notice if their child is not meeting them. By taking action early, parents offer their children more chances to succeed in school. Parents are often aware of learning differences, even if they cannot fully explain why they are concerned. Many parents of children with learning disabilities have indicated they saw differences early. It is important for parents to talk with a professional if they believe their child is experiencing learning difficulties.